DefinitionIt's initial collection, systematic and repeated basic information about the victim, resulting in:A - Evaluation of the nature and circumstances of the victim's state of emergency.B - Establishment of priority measures necessary to preserve and maintain life and health of the victim and prevent worsening of the situation.C - Evaluation of measures and monitoring response to any measures that the victim was taken.d - The discovery of the special conditions of the victim (eg. diabetes, seizures, etc.)..E - Detailed information of dispatch or emergency services on victim status.
RisksWhen incorrect or insufficient information is collected:A - There may not be given to victim lifesaving remedies.b - the victim could give incorrect lifesaving measures.C - Guidance and decisions taken by the dispatcher or emergency service may be incorrect.d - could be mobilized an emergency department for care of the victim inappropriately.
Any of the above consequences can be detrimental to life or health of the victim.
Principles of action1. Evaluation should begin with observation and discussion before any physical contact.2. Gathering information should follow a logical progression followed by a course of intervention logic, first identifying problems immediately life threatening.3. The result of the information collection should be a consistent volume of data and symptoms.4. Information should be collected regularly to monitor the status of victim and results of measures taken.
Note: Some local customs and religious rules may limit the collection of information by prohibiting physical contact and / or verbal, such as between a man and a woman. There may be a solution hidden in these customs or rules. Otherwise, common sense must prevail.
Principles techniques
Step 1Reassure the victim.
Key aspects of step 1• Introduce yourself to the victim as a person able to give first aid.• Suggest victim assistance and obtain consensus for intervention.• Explain what you intend to do.• Try to get the cooperation / collaboration victim, in view of the intention to run.
Justification step 1• Establish relationship with the victim and its cooperation are essential elements that must be obtained. The victim may not realize they are in critical condition and therefore not understand why it helps.• There is a risk of deterioration if the victim is concerned about the presence and intentions of first aid. There is a possible threat to the person providing assistance from the victim, who may become aggressive if you do not understand the presence and intentions of first aid.• Lack of confidence can lead to failure or victim ineffective person first aid actions.• Therefore, this step should be to improve cooperation and the final state of the victim.
Note: The victim should be treated with utmost respect, whether unconscious or unable to respond. Even if an unconscious victim can not hear and / or perceive what is said and happening around them, you should use words appropriate contact, as would assist a victim consciousness.
Note: The collection is valuable information described below. In some contexts this action may be adjusted due to the rapid arrival at an emergency scene.
Step 2Adopt a systematic collection of information.
Key aspects of step 2• Focus your evaluation of life-threatening situations: airway - breathing, heart problems, strong external bleeding, unconscious, etc..• Note the visible symptoms.• Collect evidence surrounding the victim and get information from the past.• If you write all this information on a piece of paper and note the time.
Justification for step 2• Symptoms should be key components of a proper assessment, avoiding erroneous interpretation and diagnosis with inappropriate actions. Moreover the information collected should be prioritized.• Each life-threatening situations requiring immediate action before further collection of information.
Note: Hazard identification is also a priority, to which reference was made in the previous stage [see the general principles of surgery first aid person].
Step 3If conscious get information from it.
Key aspects of step 3• Listen and / or ask what is cry / Why blame the victim and who would be their direct causes.• Note the victim's age and sex.• Establish victim history (chronic diseases, treatments, allergies, etc..) And the causes that led to the present situation.• Collect contact information (phone and address) of the victim's relatives.• If you write all this information on a piece of paper and note the time.
Justification step 3• The victim can help the person giving first aid useful information on current and previous health problems and thus shorten the time of surgery.• Moreover, access to this information may become limited or impossible if the victim's consciousness deteriorates.
Note 1: If the victim is unconscious or unable to provide any clear information or the information available will be limited to what the person first aid can hear and see the physical examination of the victim and the past.
Note 2: Collecting information described above is quite extensive and may not be fully implemented or not relevant by local standards.
Step 4Recheck the victim often to see the physical and mental changes.
Key aspects of step 4• Repeat the initial collection of information about the status of victim:• at regular intervals and,• Every time you notice a change,until emergency services arrive on the scene or get to it or determine that no assistance is not right still.• If possible, write victim status changes.
Justification step 4• Reassessment of the situation should be done regularly before the arrival of an emergency at the scene, or until they reach such a service (which may be located on), because:• tion of the victim should be monitored,• effectiveness of measures taken must be maintained,• The results of monitoring may require additional actions.• Document changes are useful to those who will still provide victim care.
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