DefinitionIt is a wound that may affect only the skin or deeper tissues.(Types: drilling, breaking, blister, scratch, bite, peeling, cut because of a bone from the inside, etc..)
RisksA wound can cause:a. hemorrhage,b. pain,specific c.complicatii, including circulatory and respiratory infections and failure due to private factors (depth, location and extent thereof, or previous condition of health of the victim),d. damage organs in depthe. shock.
Principles of action1. Complications should be prevented or reduced.2. Location and extent of the wound should be carefully evaluated.Note: If the wound has other consequences, such as bleeding, their specific priority action must be taken. Moreover, specific location of the wound requires specific actions because of potential or actual negative consequences related to these locations (face, neck, chest, abdomen, wrist), especially if the wound is deep.When the wound is deep, wide, in special places (chest, abdomen, etc..), First aid person should transfer the victim of a health care professional.
Principles of technologyFirst aid person should explain the victim intended to be made at each step, seeking cooperation / collaboration it.
Technology: General principles of first aid in wound
Step 1Eliminate contact between the victim and the causative agent.
Key aspects of step 1• Turn off or remove the causative agent of the victim (*) or remove the victim from the causative agent (*), taking into account the following principles:• Avoid risk-taking,• avoid worsening the situation.(*) Warning, except when there is a foreign body in the wound that would not be removed.
Justification step 1• The agent that caused the injury should be considered as an immediate danger to person and the victim first aid. Throughout the period of operation of the first aid should take into account this fact.
Step 2Evaluate the characteristics of the wound.
Key aspects of step 2• Determine the possible causative agent and any other aggravating factor (ie. Dirty foreign material into the wound).• Determine how the injury occurred (a blow, a fall, etc..).• Note the location of the wound / wound.• Estimate by approximating how extensive is wound.• If possible, collect information on the health of the victim (age, disease, treatment, etc.)..
Justification for step 2• determine the characteristics of wound care measures and monitoring after the victim.• Gather information about health help identify aggravating circumstances related to the victim's history.
Step 3Make sure you take care conditions for beach cleaning.
Key aspects of step 3• Consider the following principles to ensure hygienic conditions:• Wash your hands with soap and clean water, if possible, clean water flowing,• To the extent possible protect your hands using membrane impermeable (eg. Gloves) or any available object that can serve as a protective barrier.
Justification step 3• The risk of infection of each person first aid and victim be avoided.
Step 4Clean the wound.
Key aspects of step 4• Keep in mind these principles to cleanse wound:• Wash the wound with an antiseptic nealergic preferably, or in his absence with clean soapy water or clean water, clear, flowing if something better is available,• Use clean parts of a clean cloth (lint-free cloth) or compress sterile• Wash the wound gently, without rubbing,• Wash the wound from its interior to its exterior,• Do not use a piece of material more than once.
Justification step 4• Germs that could reach the wound when they produce must be removed as soon and completely as possible.• Washing should be easy to avoid sticking to the wound of foreign bodies (particles) or to cause injury or bleeding.
Step 5Protect the wound.
Key aspects of step 5• Protect the wound, taking into account the following principles:• preferably use a sterile material (eg. Bandage, fabric) or if not, a clean• use a previously prepared dressing or if not, apply a bandage,• If the wound is still cared for by the victim, explain what to do:• to clean and to bind up the wound daily until healed (about 4-7 days)• to follow the signs that indicate local complications (pain, swelling, rosire, heat, secretions, etc..) And general (fever, nausea). It is important to explain that if any of these symptoms, the victim should seek medical advice.
Justification step 5• The wound must be protected from external contamination. They should be supervised healing, thus detecting a possible inflammatory process, which was the first sign of infection.
Step 6Questioned and guided the victim.
Key aspects of step 6• advised the victim to seek medical advice as soon as possible to determine the need for tetanus vaccination.• Ask the victim to remove potentially constrictive items such as rings, bracelets, wristwatch, etc.. if they are inside or near the injured area and if possible without causing new pests / negative consequences.
Justification step 6• Tetanus is a fatal disease that can be prevented by vaccination.• The effectiveness of vaccination may be viewed differently by health care professionals. There are further strategies ranging from not undertake any person to revaccination.• rings, bracelets, wristwatch, etc.. can exert compression around the wound if edema develops. This compression has negative consequences, especially to limit or block blood flow.
Technology: Administration of wounds penetrated by a foreign body
The key issuesIn the event the existence of a foreign body entered the wound, consider the following principles:• Do not try to remove it,• avoid any maneuvers that could move the foreign body,• Do not touch him all over the time spent waiting for assistance,• if necessary, stabilize it with clean fabric, secured with a bandage and cover the wound,• assist the victim to rest in the most comfortable position.
Justification• The visible foreign body does not indicate in any way what size is entered in the wound. So in no circumstances give first aid person should not try to remove a foreign body from a wound, because this action and may result in aggravation of the situation (eg. Massive hemorrhage).
Stabilization of a foreign body entered the wound can be completed using various materials, such as for example plastic cups.
• If there is absolute certainty about the nature of the object, such as a splinter of wood or spin a hedgehog, the victim may try removing it with the first aid person. This operation should be done with caution so as not to break the foreign body in wound and to ensure its complete removal.
Niciun comentariu:
Trimiteți un comentariu